Research progress of chronic kidney disease complicated with sarcopenia / 中华肾脏病杂志

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at high risk for suffering sarcopenia, but there is no unified criteria for diagnosing sarcopenia in CKD patients. It is well known that skeletal muscle mass and function are the key parameters to define sarcopenia based on the consensus published internationally. Recently, the need for the accuracy and applicability of assessment tools has facilitated the development of high-resolution imaging measurement and ultrasound evaluation. Sarcopenia in CKD is underrecognized in China resulting in clinical missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis prevalently. This article reviews the research progress of epidemiology, evaluation, prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in CKD patients.

Clinical value of gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical value of gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery on patients with cholecystolithiasis.@*Methods@#A retrospective study was performed on data of 15 patients with cholecystolithiasis, who underwent gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery from April 2018 to July 2018. The operative data, including situation of operation, operative time, intraoperative hemorrhage, and postoperative complications were recorded.@*Results@#The procedure was performed successfully in all patients with a mean operative time of 108±12 min (ranged from 92-129 min). The intraoperative hemorrhage was 10-30 mL. Eight patients suffered from slight right upper abdominal pain, and 7 patients felt slight pain in umbilical a week after surgery. No fever, incision infection, umbilical hemia, peritonitis, and ascites were reported. The clear-liquid diet was recommended for one day after operation, and postoperative activity was allowed since the second day after operation. All patients were discharged on the fourth or fifth day, and all recovered to their normal life at one week after discharge. Follow-up showed that the scar was small and hidden in umbilical without visible incision after one month. Ultrasonic examination results showed that gallbladder contractile function worked perfectly in four patients and no gallbladder stone was found after three months.@*Conclusion@#Gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery is a safe and effective option for patients with cholecystolithiasis, provides excellent cosmetic outcomes, and can be appropriately carried out under the strict control of surgical indications.

Clinical value of gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical value of gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery on patients with cholecystolithiasis. Methods A retrospective study was performed on data of 15 patients with cholecystolithiasis,who underwent gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery from April 2018 to July 2018. The operative data,including situation of operation,operative time,intraoperative hemorrhage,and postoperative complications were recorded. Results The procedure was performed successfully in all patients with a mean operative time of 108±12 min (ranged from 92-129 min). The intraoperative hemorrhage was 10-30 mL. Eight patients suffered from slight right upper abdominal pain,and 7 patients felt slight pain in umbilical a week after surgery. No fever,incision infection,umbilical hemia,peritonitis,and ascites were reported. The clear-liquid diet was recommended for one day after operation,and postoperative activity was allowed since the second day after operation. All patients were discharged on the fourth or fifth day,and all recovered to their normal life at one week after discharge. Follow-up showed that the scar was small and hidden in umbilical without visible incision after one month. Ultrasonic examination results showed that gallbladder contractile function worked perfectly in four patients and no gallbladder stone was found after three months. Conclusion Gallbladder-preserving cholelithotomy by natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery is a safe and effective option for patients with cholecystolithiasis,provides excellent cosmetic outcomes,and can be appropriately carried out under the strict control of surgical indications.

Effects of different injection methods of nanocarbon tracer on gastrectomy for patients with gastric cancer / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To discuss effects of different injection methods of nanocarbon tracer on gastrectomy for patients with gastric cancer. Methods Patients, who underwent D2 gastrectomy in Fuzhou General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2015, were randomly divided into group A and group B. The patients in group A were injected with nanocarbon into gastric submucosa of peripheral area of tumor under gastroscope 24 hours before operation. The patients in group B were injected with normal saline firstly, and then injected with nanocarbon. The operations were performed by 5 high qualification physicians and 3 low qualification physicians. The detection of lymph nodes and black stain nodes,detection time,and lymph node metastatic rate were compared between the two groups.Results A total of 248 patients were enrolled in this study,and each group had 124 cases. There was no statistical difference on basic characteristics between the two groups(P>0.05). A total of 2 975 and 3 855 lymph nodes were detected in group A and group B, respectively. The mean number of detected lymph nodes in group A was significantly lower than that of group B(23.9±7.9 VS 31.1±3.6, P=0.00). The rate of black stain nodes in group A was significantly lower than that of group B[71.3%(2 121/2 975)VS 78.1%(3 011/3 855), P= 0.00].There were no statistical differences on lymph node detection time(24.3±5.7 min VS 23.5±6.2 min), tiny lymph node detection rate(33.1% VS 34.9%),and lymph node metastatic rate(27.3% VS 25.8%)between the two groups(P>0.05).In subgroup of low qualification physicians, the number of lymph nodes(16.9± 4.0 VS 30.1±3.7)and the rate of black stain nodes(61.3% VS 77.2%)in group A were significantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05). The corresponding indicators(31.1±3.3 VS 31.5±3.5,76.8% VS 79.0%) had no statistical differences in the subgroup of high qualification physicians(P>0.05). Conclusion For low qualification physicians, injection of normal saline then of nanocarbon into gastric submucosa under gastroscope could improve lymph node and black stain nodes detection rate for patients with gastric cancer on gastrectomy.

Efficacy of local injection of triamcinolone and oral methylprednisolone in preventing stricture formation after endoscopic submucosal dissection in early esophageal cancer / 中华消化杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety between local injection of triamcinolone and oral methylprednisolone in preventing esophageal stricture formation after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in patients with early esophageal cancer.Methods From January 2014 to January 2016,67 patients with early esophageal cancer were enrolled,all of them received ESD and were divided into triamcinolone injection group (22 cases),oral methylprednisolone group (22 cases) and control group (23 cases).Patients of triamcinolone group received injection of triamcinolone at injured mucosal under endoscope immediately after ESD.Patients of oral methylprednisolone group took methylprednisolone 30 mg per day since the third day after ESD,and then dosage reduced 5 mg every other week until drug withdrawal.Patients of control group only received ESD.After operation,gastroendoscopy examination was repeated to evaluate the extent of esophageal stricture.Patients with esophageal stricture were treated with an additional endoscopic balloon dilatation (EBD).The rate of esophageal stricture and the frequency of EBD treatment of the three groups were compared.Chi-square test,Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results The rates of esophageal stricture of triamcinolone injection group,oral methylprednisolone group and control group were 18.2％ (4/22),13.6％0 (3/22) and 73.9％ (17/23),respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =22.20,P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the rates of esophageal stricture between triamcinolone injection group and oral methylprednisolone group (x2 =0.17,P=0.50),but the rate of esophageal stricture in triamcinolone injection group was lower than control group,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =14.03,P＜0.01);the rate of esophageal stricture in oral rnethylprednisolone group was lower than control group,and the difference was also statistically significant (x2 =16.55,P＜0.01).The median frequency of EBD treatment of triamcinolone injection group,oral methylprednisolone group and control group were 2.1 (range 0 to 4.0),1.6 (range 0 to 3.0) and 6.0 (range 0 to 13.0) times,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (H =17.80,P ＜ 0.01).There was nosignificant difference in the frequency of EBD treatment between triamcinolone injection group and oralmethylprednisolone group (Z=1.21,P=0.23);but the frequency of EBD treatment in triamcinolone injection group was less than control group,and the difference was statistically significant (Z=4.96,P＜ 0.01);the frequency of EBD treatment in oral methylprednisolone group was less than control group,and the difference was also statistically significant (Z=4.32,P＜0.01).There was no severe adverse effect in the three groups.Conclusions Local injections of triamcinolone and oral methylprednisolone both reduced the rate of esophageal stricture after ESD,and decreased frequency of EBD treatment in patients with esophageal stricture.The two regimens showed equal efficacy and good safety.

Efficacy of Hybrid Therapy and Bismuth Quadruple Therapy in Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection / 胃肠病学

Bismuth quadruple therapy is recommended as a first-line therapeutic regimen for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in China.However, the renal toxicity induced by bismuth resulted in limitation of its clinical use.Aims: To assess the efficacy and safety of hybrid therapy for initial eradication of Hp infection.Methods: One hundred and fifty-two patients proved to be positive for Hp infection and treatment-na(i)ve at the Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command of Chinese PLA from Jan.2014 to Dec.2015 were enrolled and randomized to receive either hybrid therapy (esomeprazole and amoxicillin for 7 days, followed by esomeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and metronidazole for 7 days) or bismuth quadruple therapy (esomeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and colloidal bismuth pectin for 14 days).Hp eradication was assessed by 14C/13C-urea breath test at a minimum of 4 weeks after the end of treatment.Results: No significant differences were found in general status between the two groups at baseline (P>0.05).A total of 149 patients completed the therapy.In hybrid therapy group the eradication rate was 97.4% (75/77) by ITT analysis and 98.7% (75/76) by PP analysis;while in bismuth quadruple therapy group the eradication rates by ITT and PP analyses were 89.3% (67/75) and 91.8% (67/73), respectively.Hybrid therapy was superior to bismuth quadruple therapy (P all <0.05).Although the incidence of adverse events was higher in hybrid therapy group than in bismuth quadruple therapy group (29.9% vs.16.0%, P<0.05), none of the patients discontinued the therapy because of severe adverse events.Conclusions: Hybrid therapy showed better efficacy than bismuth quadruple therapy for treatment of Hp infection, and the adverse events were well tolerated.Hybrid therapy might be used as first-line treatment for Hp infection.

MicroRNA-491-5p is involved in the pathogenesis of degenerative lumbar scoliosis by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 9 / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:MicroRNAs are widely involved in the regulation of protein expression, and play a critical role in many physiological and pathological processes in the body. But microRNA expression profile in degenerative lumbar scoliosis is rarely reported and understood. OBJECTIVE:To compare the microRNA expression profile in the normal intervertebral disc and degenerative lumbar scoliosis and to identify degenerative lumbar scoliosis-specific microRNAs, folowed by functional validation. METHODS: Total RNA samples were extracted from the nucleus pulposus tissues of 57 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis as experimental groups and the normal nucleus pulposus tissues of 42 patients with lumbar fractures as control group. An initial screening of differentialy expressed microRNAs in the nucleus pulposus tissues by microRNA microarray was performed in 10 samples from each group. Subsequently, differentialy expressed microRNAs were validated using real-time quantitative RCR. The level of differentialy expressed microRNAs in the degenerative nucleus pulposus tissues was investigated. Then, the functional analysis of microRNAs in regulating colagen II expression was carried out. Western blot and luciferase reporter assay were also used to detect target genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:We identified 22 microRNAs that were differentialy expressed (17 upregulated and 5 downregulated) in degenerative lumbar scoliosis patients compared with the controls. Folowing real-time quantitative RCR confirmation, miR-491-5p was significantly down-regulated in degenerative nucleus pulposus tissues in comparison with the controls. Moreover, its level was closely correlated with the pathological grading of disc degeneration. Overexpression of miR-491-5p promoted type II colagen expression in nucleus pulposus cels. Bioinformatics target prediction identified matrix metaloproteinase-9 as a putative target of miR-491-5p. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that miR-491-5p directly targeted matrix metaloproteinase-9 and affected its protein expression in nucleus pulposus cels. These results show that the downregulation of miR-491-5p induces type II colagen loss by directly targeting matrix metaloproteinase-9, thereby resulting in degeneration of the intervertebral disc and degenerative lumbar scoliosis. This study also underscores the potential of miR-491-5p as a novel therapeutic target in degenerative lumbar scoliosis.

Downregulated Hsa-let-7f contributes to the loss of type II collagen by targeting interleukin-10/STAT3 signaling pathway in degenerative lumbar scoliosis / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in a variety of diseases. Investigation of miRNA expression profile in degenerative lumbar scoliosis is beneficial for understanding its pathogenesis, providing a novel therapeutic target. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that miRNAs promote intervertebral disc degeneration through the interleukin-10/STAT3 signaling pathway, a potential regulator of intervertebral disc degeneration. OBJECTIVE:To compare the differentialy expressed miRNAs in the intervertebral disc tissues from patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis and normal controls and to identify specific miRNAs in degenerative lumbar scoliosis folowed by functional validation. METHODS: An initial screening of miRNA expression in nucleus pulposus tissues by miRNA Solexa Sequencing was performed in samples from 10 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis and 10 controls, respectively. Subsequently, differentialy expressed miRNAs were validated using qRT-PCR. The level of differentialy expressed miRNAs in degenerative nucleus pulposus tissues was investigated. Then, functional analysis of the miRNAs in regulating type II colagen expression was carried out. Western blot and luciferase reporter assay were used to further confirm the target gene. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We identified 30 miRNAs that were differentialy expressed (16 upregulated and 14 downregulated) in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis compared with controls. Folowing qRT-PCR confirmation, Has-let-7f was significantly down-regulated in degenerative nucleus pulposus tissues as compared with controls. Moreover, its level was correlated with the severity of disc degeneration. Overexpression of Has-let-7f promoted type II colagen expression in nucleus pulposus cels. Knockout of interleukin-10 induced effects on nucleus pulposus cels similar to Has-let-7f. Bioinformatics target prediction identified interleukin-10 as a putative target of Has-let-7f. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that Has-let-7f altered the expression of STAT3 and matrix metaloproteinase-2. These findings indicate that the downregulation of Has-let-7f induces type II colagen loss by directly targeting inleukin-10, thereby resulting in intervertebral disc degeneration and degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Has-let-7f is likely to be a novel therapeutic target for degenerative lumbar scoliosis.

Therapeutic value of somatostatin and nitroglycerin for prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of somatostatin and nitroglycerin on post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) and hyperamylasemia.Methods A total of 184 patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatograph (ERCP) were enrolled,and randomly divided into three groups to receive somatostatin or nitroglycerin or normal saline according to random number table.Incidence of PEP and hyperamylasemia were observed and compared among the three groups.Results Nine patients stopped the medication and dropped out of the study after occurence of adverse reactions from receiving nitroglycerin injections.The incidence rates of hyperamylasemia were 38.7％ (24/62),51.8％ (28/54) and 37.3％ (22/59) in somatostatin,nitroglycerin and control group respectively,with no significant differences among the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence rates of PEP were 6.4％ (4/62),9.3 ％ (5/54) and 23.7％ (14/59) in somatostatin,nitroglycerin and control group,respectively.The incidence rates of PEP in somatostatin and nitroglycerin group were both significantly lower than that in control group (somatostatin group vs control group:x2 =7.13,P =0.01 ; nitroglycerin group vs control group:x2 =4.22,P =0.03).There was no significant difference between somatostatin group and nitroglycerin group (x2 =0.32,P =0.41).Conclusion Somatostatin and nitroglycerin injections after ERCP show similar efficacy on preventing PEP,but the former is safer.Both have little effects on the prophylaxis of hyperamylaemia.

Safety and efficacy of carbon dioxide versus air insufflations during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To investigate the safety,efficacy of CO2 insufflations during ERCP.Methods One hundred and forty eligible patients who underwent ERCP in Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command from January to December 2012 were randomized according to random digits in a double blind manner to receive either CO2 insufflations or air insufflations (65 vs 75).The patient's experience of abdominal pain and distension at 1 h,2 h,6 h and 24 h post-ERCP were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS).The heart rates,blood pressure,SpO2,PaCO2 were recorded before,during,after ERCP,and 24 h after the examination.Plain abdominal radiographic images were collected to show abdominal distention before and after ERCP,waist circumference,operative time,recovery time,intraoperative and post-ERCP complications were also determined.Results Post-ERCP the VAS of abdominal pain at 3 h was (4.08 ± 1.36) in CO2 group,which was significantly lower than that in air group [(4.59 ± 1.66),P ＜ 0.01].The VAS of abdominal distension at 1 h,3 h,6 h after ERCP were(1.78 ± 1.90),(0.72 ± 1.15),(0.12 ±0.45),which were significantly lower than those in air group [(3.53 ± 2.71),(2.51 ± 2.04),(0.84 ± 1.24),P ＜ 0.05] ; the intraoperative SpO2 was (93.29 ± 1.40)％,which was significantly lower than that in air group [(93.52 ± 1.06) ％,P ＜ 0.01].The waist circumference at 1 h after ERCP increased by (2.48 ± 1.33)cm,which was significantly lower than that in air group [(3.56 ± 2.13) cm,P =0.00).Recovery time was (11.2 ± 2.5) rain in CO2 group,which was significantly longer than that in air group [(9.7 ± 1.7) min,P =0.00].And the difference between the two groups was statistically significant.The plain abdominal radiographic images showed the degree of bowel distension was severer in air group than that in CO2 group (P =0.04).Conclusions CO2 insufflations are safe and efficacy during ERCP.CO2 can better alleviate abdominal pain and distension than air.

Study on bedside radiography protection / 中国医学装备

Objective: To investigate the quality control for purpose of radiologic protection in beside Photography. Methods: From a clinical application, based on the thress principle of radiological protection, combined with years of clinical experience, the need for comprehensive study bedside photography and protection security. Depending on the situation ,put forward corresponding countermeasures. Results: The different patient, especially in children photography and treatment of critically ill patients, with a reasonable operation mode, the method can reduce the radiation. Conclusion:The widespread popularity of medical radiological protection education, strengthen the quality control of bedside photography on bedside X-ray photography protection is very useful.

Effects of microRNA-196a inhibitory sequences on HOXB8 expression in human pancreatic cancer PANC1 cells / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of microRNA-196a(miR-196a) inhibitory sequences transfection on HOXB8 expression in PANC1 cells.Methods PANC1 cells were divided into control group,miR-196a inhibitory sequences group and siRNA control group.Liposomal transfection method was applied to transfect miR 196a inhibitory sequences and siRNA control into PANC1 cells.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of miR-196a and HOXB8 mRNA and protein.Results After miR-196a inhibitory sequences transfection,when compared with that of siRNA control group,the expression of miR-196a was significantly decreased (0.05 ± 0.054 vs.0.839 ± 0.025,t =3.12,P ＜0.05) ; and the expression of HOXB8 mRNA was significantly increased by 1.57 folds (2.20 ± 0.07 vs.1.29 ± 0.10,t =3.86,P ＜ 0.05),the expression of HOXB8 protein was also obviously increased (0.90 ± 0.03 vs.0.40 ± 0.10,t =3.11,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions MicroRNA-196a down-regulates the expression of HOXB8.

A new peracetic acid solution for disinfection of digestive endoscope / 中华消化内镜杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the disinfective effect of a new peracetic acid solution for digestive endoscope.MethodsForty endoscopes were divided into experimental group and control group,10 gastroscopes and 10 enteroscopes in each group,the experimental group was disinfected with the new peracetic acid solution for 10 min,the control group was disinfected with 2％ glutaral for 10 min,the disinfection effect was compared.Subsequently,80 other endoscopes were divided into 4 groups,10 gastroscopes and 10 enteroscopes in each group,each group was disinfected for 2 min,3 min,4 min and 5 min,the disinfection efficiency was evaluated.ResultsThe disinfection rates of gastroscopes and enteroscopes in the control were 100％ (10/10)and 90％ (9/10)respectively.Bacteria were found in both endoscopes.In the experimental group,disinfection rates of both gastroscopes and enteroscopes were 100％ (10/10),and no bacterium was found,which was superior to the control.disinfection rates of gastroscopes of 3 min,4 min and 5 min were all 100％ (10/10),which were higher than that of 2 min group (30％) (P ＜0.05).Bacteria were found in 3 min group.Disinfection rates of 4 min and 5 min group were 100％ ( 10/10),which were higher than that of 3 min group (80％)(P ＜0.05).Bacteria were found in 4 min group,and 2 min group was not disinfected.ConclusionThe new peracetic acid solution is effective for clinic digestive endoscope disinfection,and is superior to 2％ glutaral.

Value of detection of fecal Alu repetitive sequences in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer / 中华胰腺病杂志

ObjectiveTo detect the Alu expression in the stool of patients with pancreatic cancer and investigate its value in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.MethodsStool samples were obtained from patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) ( n =41 ),chronic pancreatitis (CP) ( n =27 ) and healthy subjects ( n =23 ),the DNA was extracted from the stool and the expression of Alu repetitive sequences was subjected to quantitative analysis by the real-time PCR.ResultsThe expressions of Alu repetitive sequences in PC,CP,and healthy subjects were (5.17 ± 0.99 ),( 3.79 ± 0.94),(0.28 ± 0.35 ) rig/g,and the difference among the three groups was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).The AUC of PC was 74.8％ with the 95％ CI 0.661 ～0.835,and the sensitivity,specificity was 75.6％ and 67.1％,respectively.ConclusionsAlu repetitive sequences are highly expressed in the stool of patients with pancreatic cancer,and it is of value in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Diagnostic value of plasma miR 55 for pancreatic cancer / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To detect the level of plasma miR-155 in patients with pancreatic cancer and evaluate its diagnostic value for pancreatic cancer. Methods Sixty-two cases of pancreatic cancer patients, 61 patients of chronic pancreatitis and 36 normal controls were included in the study. miR-155 in the total RNA extracted from the plasma was measured using real time PCR. The diagnostic parameters and relationship of the miR-155 with clinical characteristics in pancreatic cancer patients were analyzed. Results The relative abundance of plasma miR-155 in pancreatic cancer, chronic pancreatitis and normal controls were 5.41 ±3.14,2.59 ±2.49 and 0.77 ± 1.17, and the value was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer group compared with those of chronic pancreatitis and normal group (P ＜ 0. 01 ). No significant correlation between the level of plasma miR-155 and age, sex, tumor size in pancreatic cancer patients was found. But there was a negative correlation between the level of plasma miR-155 and TNM staging (r = -0. 323, P = 0.01 ). For discriminating pancreatic cancer from normal control, the AUC ROC of miR-155 was 0. 943 (95% CI 0.902-0.985), and the sensitivity and specificity were 87.1% and 83.3%, respectively. For discriminating pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis, the AUC ROC of miR-155 was 0.762 (95% CI0. 678-0. 846),and the sensitivity and specificity were 64.5% and 73.8%, respectively. For discriminating pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis and normal, the AUC-ROC of miR-155 was 0. 829(95% CI0. 767-0.892), and the sensitivity and specificity were 62.9% and 84.5%, respectively. Conclusions Plasma miR-155 was significantly increased in patients with pancreatic cancer, and can be used for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Expression of microRNAs in fecal of patients for pancreatic cancer screening and detection / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To detect the microRNAs in fecal with patients of pancreatic cancer, and evaluate its diagnostic value. Methods Stool samples were collected from three group persons including 29 pancreatic cancer, 22 chronic pancreatitis and 13 normal controls. The total fecal microRNAs were extracted.The quantity of miR-16, miR-21, miR-155, miR-181a, miR-181b, miR-196a, and miR-210 were detected by using real-time PCR, and miR-16 was used as reference gene. ROC AUC was used to evaluate the diagnostic value for pancreatic cancer. Results MicroRNAs were efficiently obtained from stools, and independent experiments showed high reproducibility for microRNAs extraction and detection. The expression of miR-181b,miR-196a, miR-210 in fecal was 2.22 ±0.64,2.78 ±0.14, 5.55 ±0.38 in pancreatic cancer; 1.42 ±0.39,3.88 ± 0.85,5.39 ± 0.69 in chronic pancreatitis; 0.32 ± 0.40, 1.14 ± 0.98,4.23 ± 0. 99 in normal controls;the three microRNA expressions in pancreatic cancer were group and CP group significantly higher than those in normal controls ( P ＜ 0.05 ). But there was no significant difference between pancreatic cancer group and chronic pancreatitis group. AUC of pancreatic cancer / normal controls miR 18lb was 0.745(95% CI 0. 597-0.894), the sentivity, specificity for pancreatic cancer was 84.6% and 51.7%. AUC of miR-210 was 0. 772(95% CI0.629-0.914), the sentivity, specificity for pancreatic cancer was 84.6% and 65.5%, and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.05). miR-196a was no significant for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, but the expression of miR-196a was correlated with the tumor size (r = 0.516, P = 0.041 ).Conclusions The extraction and detection of the fecal microRNAs were non-invasive and reproducible. The expression of miR-181b and miR-210 was increased in stool of patients with pancreatic cancer, and may be potential biomarker for pancreatic cancer.

Study on the Web-based Courseware Construction of Medical Physics / 中国医学物理学杂志

The entry of the modern information technology and the appearance of the new teaching medium cause the new ed-ucational pattern innovations, bring the life and vitality to the medical physics education in medicine institutions of higher learning. This paper analyzed the current situation of the modern information technology application in medical physics teach-ing briefly, put forward several problems about the modern information technology application in medical physics teaching, and discussed the medical physics network course construction in medicine institutions of higher learning.

The expression of miRNAs in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle pancreatic aspirates and its clinical significance / 中华消化杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of miRNAs in endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle pancreatic aspirates (FNA) and its clinical significance. Methods The expression of miRNA-210, miRNA-21, miRNA-196a, miRNA-181a, miRNA-181b, miRNA-155 and miRNA-16 in EUS-FNA specimen of 23 pancreatic cancer and 13 benign pancreatic masses was detected with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assays and its clinical significance was analyzed. Results The relatively expression quantity of miRNA-210, miRNA-21,miRNA-196a, miRNA-181a and miRNA-181b (0.86±1.10, 0.69±0.64, 0.32±2.50, 0.16±0.83and 0.56 ±0.88, respectively) was significant higher in pancreatic cancer than those in the benign pancreatic masses (-0.11±0.98,-0.03±0.97,-1.50±1.40,-0.53±1.10 and -0.28±1.10,respectively) (P value was 0. 012, 0. 011, 0. 024, 0. 036 and 0.015, respectively). The relatively expression quantity of miRNA-16 and miRNA-155 in pancreatic cancer and benign pancreatic masses was - 0.11 ± 0.69, 0.08 ± 1.04, - 0.73 ± 1.26 and - 0.19 ± 1.19 respectively, no statistic difference (P value was 0. 067 and 0. 467). The high expression of miRNA196a was positively correlated with pancreatic cancer lymphatic metastasis and clinical TNM staging. Conclusion There were multi miRNAs with abnormal high expression in the pancreatic cancer. Of those, miRNA-196a was associated with the clinical malignant features of pancreatic cancer.

Relationship between maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and fetal middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity in pregnancy with fetal anaemia / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM: To evaluate the relationships between maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) levels and middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV) in pregnancies with fetal anaemia and to compare the sensitivities of MSAFP and MCA-PSV for the predicting the risk of fetal anaemia. METHODS: Fifty-five measurements of MSAFP and MCA-PSV were carried out in 32 women at risk of fetal anaemia (4 cases of alloimmunisation, 11 cases of thalassemia, 10 cases of parvovirus infection and 7 cases of placental chorioangioma). The relationship between MSAFP and MCA-PSV was studied, and 19 fetal blood samples, in which MCA-PSV measurements were abnormal, were taken and the fetal heamoglobin were tested in order to evaluate the correlation of MSAFP and MCA-PSV. RESULTS: A correlation between MSAFP and MCA-PSV (n=55, r=0.57, P<0.01) was observed, in which 15 cases of fetal anaemia and 4 cases false positive (non-anaemia) were detected among the 19 fetal blood samples. The MSAFP levels of 4 false-positive cases were normal. The MSAFP levels in 15 fetal anaemia cases were higher than those in non-anaemia. The elevation of MSAFP level was 15-20 d earlier than that of MCA-PSV in the cases of alloimmunisation and thalassemia, and it was 10-12 d later in the cases of parvovirus infection and placental chorioangioma significantly (P<0.05). Both MSAFP (r=-0.87) and MCA-PSV (r=-0.67) were significantly correlated with fetal heamoglobin level. CONCLUSION: The MSAFP level is significantly correlated with both MCA-PSV measurements and fetal haemoglobin. The time and process of the elevations of MSAFP indicate that MSAFP is more sensitive than MCA-PSV to predict and monitor the pregnancies at the risk of fetal anaemia.